ANALYSIS OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN CHILDREN AGED ONE TO FIVE YEARS IN THE VILLAGE

Abstract

First language acquisition is very important for a child because it will determine the mastery of the second and subsequent languages. Specifically in Indonesia, the first language is always synonymous with the regional language, for example, Sundanese people's first language is Sundanese or Javanese people's first language is Javanese, but over time, due to mixed marriages, modernization, etc., many mothers now teach their children not the regional language but Indonesian or even a foreign language such as English, especially in big cities like Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya and other big cities, but it is also possible that in smaller cities, fewer people are teaching their children the regional language as their first language, for example in Kuningan Regency, many parents teach Indonesian as their first language. Research in the field of language acquisition is very rarely done, therefore the researcher is interested in researching first language acquisition in children. The research problems in this study are three, namely (1) How is the phonological acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village? (2) How is the morphological acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village? (3) How is the syntactic acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village? The objectives of this study are (1) To describe the phonological acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village (2) To describe the morphological acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village (3) To describe the syntactic acquisition of language in the speech of children aged one to five years in Cigintung Village. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical. Data collection techniques include documentation and interviews. Research results: The results of the analysis of phonological language acquisition in children aged one to five years in Cigintung village show that on average all children are the same, for the acquisition of vowel sounds, the most common sound is 'a', for example in the words aa, ayah, mau, minta, maen, etc. The consonant sounds produced by children aged one to five years are mostly bilabial nasal sounds (m), for example in the words makan (eat), minum (drink), mau (want), mimi (drink), maen (play), etc. Next, the consonant sounds they master fairly well are bilabial stop sounds (p/b), for example in the words bapa (father), abis (finished), beyum (not yet), beli (buy), bobo (sleep), papih (daddy), etc. Glottal sounds (h) are also common, for example in the words ayah (father), rumah (house), mamih (mommy), sepedah (bicycle), papih (daddy), etc. Alveolar sounds (t/d) are also present, for example in the words teteh (older sister), duduk (sit), mandi (bathe), etc. Bilabial semivowel sounds (y/w) are also used, for example in the words ayah (father), ayam (chicken), beyum (not yet), warna (color), etc. In the morphological field, the acquisition includes the prefix di- and the suffix -nya, full and partial reduplication; infixes and compound words were not found. In the syntactic field, children mostly use imperative, declarative, and interrogative sentences, and fewer negative sentences.